Reading Series: Story Reading:The Crow And The Pitcher

ဒီတေလာ ပံုျပင္ဖတ္စရာေတြပဲတင္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒီေန႔လည္း ကမၻာေက်ာ္ အီစြတ္ ပံုျပင္တစ္ပုဒ္ကို တင္ေပးလိုက္ပါတယ္။ လူ႔ဘဝမွာ အခက္အခဲအက်ပ္အတည္းတစ္ခုျဖစ္ေနတဲ့အခါ ယင္းအက်ပ္အတည္း အခက္အခဲကို ဘယ္လိုေျဖရွင္းမလဲ။ ဇဝနဥာဏ္ရွိသူတို႔က ယင္းအခက္အခဲတို႔ကို ေက်ာ္လႊားႏိုင္ေလ့ရွိၾကတယ္။ ဒီ The Crow And The Pitcher - က်ီးကန္းငွက္ႏွင့္ေရကရား - ပံုျပင္တြင္လည္း လူသားေလာက္အသိဥာဏ္မရွိတဲ့ သတၱဝါက သူ႔ရဲ့အခက္အခဲကို ဘယ္လိုေက်ာ္လႊားခဲ့တယ္ဆိုတာကိုေတြ႔ရမွာျဖစ္တယ္။ ဒီပံုျပင္ကိုဖတ္ၿပီးေနာက္ သူငယ္ခ်င္းတို႔လည္း မွတ္သားစရာ အတုယူစရာတစ္ခုခုေတာ့ ရရွိၾကလိမ့္မည္ဟုယံုၾကည္ပါတယ္။


The Crow And The Pitcher
by Aesop

An illustration for the story The Crow And The Pitcher by the author Aesop
In a spell of dry weather, when the Birds could find very little to drink, a thirsty Crow found a pitcher with a little water in it. But the pitcher was high and had a narrow neck, and no matter how he tried, the Crow could not reach the water. The poor thing felt as if he must die of thirst.

Then an idea came to him. Picking up some small pebbles, he dropped them into the pitcher one by one. With each pebble the water rose a little higher until at last it was near enough so he could drink.

In a pinch a good use of our wits may help us out.


Vocabulary

in a spell of dry weather - ေျခာက္ေသြ႔တဲ့(ေႏြရာသီ)တြင္။
very little - နည္းနည္းေလး။
when the Birds could find very little to drink - ေက်းငွက္သာရကာတို႔ဟာ ေသာက္ေရနည္းနည္းေလးပဲေတြ႔ႏိုင္ေသာအခါတြင္။
a thirsty Crow  - ေရဆာေနတဲ့ က်ီးကန္းငွက္။
found - ရွာေဖြေတြ႔ရွိခဲ့သည္။
a pitcher - ေရကရားတစ္ခု။
with a little water in it - အထဲတြင္ ေရအနည္းငယ္ျဖင့္။
high - အျမင့္။
no matter - ကိစၥမရွိပါဘူး။
how he tried - သူဘယ္လိုႀကိဳးစားခဲ့တယ္ဆိုတာ။
could not reach the water - ေရကိုလွမ္းမမွီႏိုင္ခဲ့ေပ။
as if - သကဲ့သို႔။
must die of thirst - ေရဆာလို႔ေသဆံုးရမယ္။
then - ထိုေနာက္။
an idea came to him - သူက အင္ဒီယာတစ္ခုရလိုက္တယ္။
picking up - ေကာက္ယူ၍။ ေကာက္ယူရင္း။
some small pebbles - ေက်ာက္စရစ္ေသးေသးေလးမ်ား။
he dropped them into the pitcher one by one - ေက်ာက္စရစ္ခဲကေလးမ်ားကို ေရကရားထဲ့သို႔ တစ္လံုးခ်င္းစီပစ္ထည့္လိုက္သည္။
the water rose a little higher - ေရနည္းနည္းစီျမင့္တက္လာသည္။
in a pinch - တကယ္လိုအပ္ေနေသအေျခအေနတြင္။ အက်ပ္အတည္းႀကံဳေတြ႔ေနရခ်ိန္တြင္။
wit - ဇဝနညာဏ္။ ထိုးထြင္းညာဏ္။
help us out -  ငါတို႔ကိုကူညီသည္။

ပံုျပင္ဖတ္ယင္း အဂၤလိပ္စာတိုးတက္ႏိုင္ၾကပါေစ။

အားလံုးကိုေက်းဇူးတင္ပါတယ္။

 ____အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
 http://kyaukroevillage.blogspot.com/

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Reading Series: Story Reading: The Lark And Her Young Ones - ဘီလံုးငွက္မႏွင့္ သားသမီးမ်ား

Reading Series အတြက္ ကမၻာ့ေက်ာ္ အီဇြတ္ပံုျပင္ေလးတစ္ပုဒ္ကို ထပ္မံၿပီး တင္ျပေပးပါမယ္။ ပံုျပင္အမည္ကေတာ့ The Lark And Her Young Ones - ဘီလံုးငွက္မႏွင့္ သားသမီးမ်ား - ပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အဂၤလိပ္စာ အေရးအသားေတြႏွင့္ အသံုးအႏႈန္းေတြလည္း ရိုးရိုးေလးပါပဲ။ စကားလံုးမ်ားႏွင့္ စကားစုမ်ားအကုန္ နီပါးကိုလည္း တတ္ႏိုင္သမွ် ဘာသာျပန္၍ ထည့္ေပးထားပါတယ္။ အဆင္ေျပလိမ့္မည္ဟု ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ပါတယ္။


The Lark And Her Young Ones
by Aesop

A Lark made her nest in a field of young wheat. As the days passed, the wheat stalks grew tall and the young birds, too, grew in strength. Then one day, when the ripe golden grain waved in the breeze, the Farmer and his son came into the field.

"This wheat is now ready for reaping," said the Farmer. "We must call in our neighbors and friends to help us harvest it."

The young Larks in their nest close by were much frightened, for they knew they would be in great danger if they did not leave the nest before the reapers came. When the Mother Lark returned with food for them, they told her what they had heard.

"Do not be frightened, children," said the Mother Lark. "If the Farmer said he would call in his neighbors and friends to help him do his work, this wheat will not be reaped for a while yet."

A few days later, the wheat was so ripe, that when the wind shook the stalks, a hail of wheat grains came rustling down on the young Larks' heads.

"If this wheat is not harvested at once," said the Farmer, "we shall lose half the crop. We cannot wait any longer for help from our friends. Tomorrow we must set to work, ourselves."

When the young Larks told their mother what they had heard that day, she said:

"Then we must be off at once. When a man decides to do his own work and not depend on any one else, then you may be sure there will be no more delay."

There was much fluttering and trying out of wings that afternoon, and at sunrise next day, when the Farmer and his son cut down the grain, they found an empty nest.

Self-help is the best help.

Vocabulary

• Lark - ဘီလံုးငွက္။
• in a field of young wheat - ဂ်ဳံပင္စိုက္ခင္းတြင္။
• As the days passed - ရက္ေတြၾကာလာၿပီးေနာက္/ ေသာခါ။
• the wheat stalks  - ဂ်ဳံပင္ရိုးတံမ်ား။ ဂ်ဳံပင္မ်ား။
• grew tall  - ျမင့္လာခဲ့သည္။
• grew in strength - ခြန္အားေတြျပည့္လာသည္။ 
• breeze - ေလေျပေလညွင္း
• when the ripe golden grain waved in the breeze - ေလထဲမွာ ေရႊေရာင္လႊမ္းၿပီးမွည့္ေနၿပီျဖစ္တဲ့ ဂ်ဳံေစ့ေတြေဝွ႔ယမ္းေနေသာအခါတြင္။
• came into the field - ေလကြင္းသို႔လာခဲ့သည္။ 
• be ready for reaping - ရိတ္သိမ္းဖို႔အဆင္သင့္ျဖစ္ၿပီ။
• call in - အကူအညီေတာင္းသည္။
• neighbors - အိမ္နီးခ်င္းမ်ား။
• harvest - ရိတ္သိမ္းသည္။ (စပါး၊ သီးႏွံစသည္တို႔ကို)
• the young Larks in their nest close by - အနီးအနားရွိ အသိုက္ထဲမွာ ဘီလံုးငွက္ေပါက္ကေလးမ်ား။
• were much frightened - အလြန္ေၾကာက္ရြံ႕သြားခဲ့ၾကသည္။
• for they knew they would be in great danger - ႀကီးစြာေသာဒုကၡႀကံဳေတြ႔ရေတာ့မယ္ဆိုတာကို သိေသာေၾကာင့္။
• if they did not leave the nest  - အသိုက္မွမထြက္သြားလွ်င္။
• before the reapers came - ဂ်ဳံရိတ္သိမ္းမယ့္သူမ်ားမလာမီ။
• for them - ဘီလံုးငွက္ေပါက္ကေလးမ်ားအတြက္။
• returned with food - အစာေရစာတို႔ျဖင့္ျပန္လာခဲ့သည္။
• they told her what they had heard - ဘီလံုးငွက္ေပါက္စကေလးမ်ားက သူတို႔ၾကားလိုက္သည့္အေၾကာင္းစံုကို သူတုိ႔မခင္အားေျပာၾကားခဲ့ၾကေလ၏။
• "Do not be frightened, children," said the Mother Lark. - မေၾကာက္ၾကပါနဲ႔သားတို႔ သမီးတို႔ေရဟု မိခင္ဘီလံုးငွက္ကေျပာ၏။
• to help him do his work - သူ႔(လယ္သမား)အလုပ္ကိုကူညီဖို႔ရန္။
• If the Farmer said he would call in his neighbors and friends - လယ္သမားက သူရဲ့အိမ္နီးနားခ်င္းမိတ္ေဆြတို႔အား အကူအညီေတာ္ဖို႔ ေျပာရင္။
• wheat - ဂ်ဳံ။
• not be reaped for a while yet - ေလာေလာစဥ္ေတာ့မမွည့္ေသးဘူး။
• A few days later - ရက္ေတြအနည္းငယ္ၾကာၿပီးေနာက္မွာေတာ့။
• so ripe - ေတာ္ေတာ္မွည့္လာၿပီျဖစ္ေသာ။
• when the wind shook the stalks - ဂ်ဳံပင္တို႔ကို ေလတိုက္ေသာအခါ။
• a hail of wheat grains - ဂ်ဳံေစ့မ်ား။
• came rustling down on the young Larks' heads - ဘီလံုးငွက္ေလးမ်ားေခါင္းေပၚသို႔ညြတ္က်လာသည္။
• "If this wheat is not harvested at once," - ဒီဂ်ဳံေတြကို ခ်က္ခ်င္းမရိတ္သိမ္းရင္ေတာ့။
• crop - ေကာက္ပဲသီးႏွံ။
• we shall lose half the crop - ဒီသီးႏွံေတြတစ္ဝက္ဆံုးရႈံးလိမ့္မယ္။
• cannot wait any longer for help from our friends - သူငယ္ခ်င္းေတြရဲ့အကူအညီကို မေစာင့္ႏိုင္ေတာ့ဘူး။
• we must set to work, ourselves - မနက္ဖန္ ငါတို႔ကိုယ္တိုင္အလုပ္စရမယ္။
• we must be off at once - ငါ့တို႔ခ်က္ခ်င္းေျပာင္းေရႊ႕ၾကရေတာ့မယ္။
• When a man decides to do his own work and not depend on any one else - တစ္ပါးသူကို အားမကိုးပဲ လူတစ္ေယာက္က သူ႔အလုပ္ကို (သူကိုယ္တိုင္)လုပ္ဖို႔ဆံုးျဖတ္ေသာခါ။ 
• may be sure  - ေသခ်ာမယ္။ ေသခ်ာတယ္။
• there will be no more delay - အခ်ိန္ေဆြးမေနေတာ့ဘူး။
• flutter - ေတာင္ပံခတ္သည္။ တဖ်ပ္ဖ်ပ္ပ်ံသည္။ 
• wings - ေတာင္ပံမ်ား။
• at sunrise next day - ေနာက္ေန႔ေနထြက္ခ်ိန္တြင္။
• cut down the grain - ဂ်ဳံရိတ္ခဲ့သည္။
• found an empty nest - ငွက္သိုက္အခြံကိုေတြ႔ခဲ့သည္။
• Self-help is the best help. - မိမိကိုယ္ကို ကူညီျခင္းသည္ အေကာင္းဆံုးကူညီျခင္းျဖစ္၏။

ပံုျပင္ဖတ္ရင္း ဗဟုသုတလည္းရ အဂၤလိပ္စာလည္း တိုးတက္ႏိုင္ၾကပါေစ။

အားလံုးကိုေက်းဇူးတင္ပါတယ္။
____အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
 http://kyaukroevillage.blogspot.com/

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Reading Series: Short Stories - The Lion And The Mouse

Reading Story  က႑အတြက္ ဒီေန႔ ပံုျပင္ဖတ္စရာတစ္ပုဒ္ကိုတင္ေပးပါမယ္။ ျမန္မာပရိသတ္ေတြ မူလတန္းကတည္းသင္လာခဲ့ရတဲ့ ပံုျပင္ေလးပဲျဖစ္တယ္။ တကယ္ေတာ့ ဒီပံုျပင္ေလးဟာ ျမန္မာပရိသတ္ၾကားတြင္သာမက ကမၻာ့အႏွံ႔က ျပည္သူေတြၾကားတြင္ ေရပန္းစားတဲ့ ပံုျပင္ေလးပဲျဖစ္တယ္။ အဲဒါကေတာ့ Aesop (အီဇြတ္) ပံုျပင္ပါပဲ။ ပံုျပင္ရဲ့အမည္ကေတာ့ ျမန္မာေတြသိတဲ့ 'ေက်းဇူးသိတတ္ေသာ ၾကြက္ငယ္" The Lion And The Mouse (ျခေသၤ့ႏွင့္ ၾကြက္) ပံုျပင္ပဲျဖစ္တယ္။

The Lion And The Mouse
by Aesop

A Lion lay asleep in the forest, his great head resting on his paws. A timid little Mouse came upon him unexpectedly, and in her fright and haste to get away, ran across the Lion's nose. Roused from his nap, the Lion laid his huge paw angrily on the tiny creature to kill her.

"Spare me!" begged the poor Mouse. "Please let me go and some day I will surely repay you."

The Lion was much amused to think that a Mouse could ever help him. But he was generous and finally let the Mouse go.

Some days later, while stalking his prey in the forest, the Lion was caught in the toils of a hunter's net. Unable to free himself, he filled the forest with his angry roaring. The Mouse knew the voice and quickly found the Lion struggling in the net. Running to one of the great ropes that bound him, she gnawed it until it parted, and soon the Lion was free.

"You laughed when I said I would repay you," said the Mouse. "Now you see that even a Mouse can help a Lion."

Moral
A kindness is never wasted.


Vocabulary 

• lay asleep - အိပ္စက္အနားယူေနသည္။
• in the forest - ေတာအုပ္တြင္၊ ေတာထဲတြင္။
• great - ႀကီးမားေသာ။
• resting (rest, resting, rested, rested)  - တစ္ခုခုကိုတင္ထားေသာ။
• on his paws - သူ႔၏လက္ေပၚတြင္။
• his great head resting on his paws - လက္တြင္ ေခါင္းတင္လ်က္။
• timid - ေၾကာက္တတ္ေသာ။ ရွက္တတ္ေသာ။ တြန့္ဆုတ္တတ္ေသာ။
• unexpectedly - မေမွ်ာ္လင့္ဘဲ။
• came upon him - သူ႔(ျခေသၤ့)ကိုယ္ေပၚသို႔တက္လာခဲ့သည္။
• haste - ျမန္ျမန္ဆန္ဆန္၊ ျမန္ဆန္မႈ။
• fright - ေၾကာက္ရြံ႕ျခင္း။
• to get away - ထြက္ေျပးဖို႔။
• ran across the Lion's nose - ျခေသၤ့ႏွာေခါင္းက ျဖတ္ေျပးသည္။
• nap - ခဏေလး အိပ္စက္ျခင္း၊ သည္။
• roused from his nap  - ခဏေလးအိပ္စက္ျခင္းမွႏိုးထလာသည္။
• tiny - အလြန္ေသးေကြးေသာ။ ေသးငယ္ေသာ။ အနည္းငယ္ေသာ။
• laid his huge paw - လက္တင္လိုက္သည္။ 
• begged - ေတာင္းပန္ခဲ့သည္။
• Spare me! - ကၽြန္ေတာ္ကို ခြင့္လႊတ္ပါဗ်။ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ကိုမသတ္ပါနဲ႔ေနာ္။ 
• Please let me go - ေက်းဇူးျပဳ၍သြားခြင့္ျပဳပါ။
• repay you - ျပန္ကူညီမွာပါ။
• was much amused - ေတာ္ေတာ္ရယ္လိုက္မိတယ္။ 
• generous - သေဘာထားျကီးေသာ။
• finally let the Mouse go - ေနာက္ဆံုးေတာ့ ၾကြက္ကိုသြားခြင့္ျပဳလိုက္တယ္။
• Some days later - ရက္ေတြၾကာၿပီးေနာက္မွာ။
• while stalking his prey - သားေကာင္ကိုဖမ္းဖို႔လုပ္ေနစဥ္တြင္
• the Lion was caught in the toils of a hunter's net - မုဆိုးေထာင္ထားေသာ ပိုက္တြင္ၿငိသည္။
•  Unable to free - မလြတ္ႏိုင္။ လြတ္ေျမာက္ဖို႔မတတ္ႏိုင္။
• he filled the forest with his angry roaring - ျခေသၤ့၏ေဒါသသံတို႔ျဖင့္ တေတာလံုးျမည္ဟီးသြားခဲ့ေလသည္။
• knew the voice - အသံကိုသိလိုက္သည္။
• quickly - လွ်င္ျပန္စြာ။ 
• found the Lion struggling in the net - ပိုက္ကြန္ထဲတြင္ ရုန္းကန္ေနေသာ ျခေသၤ့ကိုေတြ႔လိုက္သည္။
• one of the great ropes that bound him - ႀကိဳးေခ်ာင္းႀကီးမ်ားထဲမွ ျခေသၤ့ႀကီးအား ခ်ည္ေႏွာင္ထားေသာ ႀကိဳးတစ္ေခ်ာင္း။
• gnawed - ကိုက္ျဖတ္ခဲ့သည္။
• parted - တစစီကြဲသြားခဲ့သည္။
• soon - မၾကာခင္။
• the Lion was free - ျခေသၤ့လြတ္သြားခဲ့ေလသည္။
• You laughed when I said I would repay you - ျခေသၤ့မင္းကို ငါ့ေက်းဇူးျပန္ဆပ္ပါမယ့္လို႔ေျပာခဲ့တုန္းက ျခေသၤ့မင္းရယ္ခဲ့တယ္ေလ။
• Now you see that even a Mouse can help a Lion - အခုေတာ့ ၾကြက္ကေလးတစ္ေကာင္ကေတာင္မွ ျခေသၤ့မင္းကို ကူညီႏိုင္တယ္ဆိုတာ သင္ေတြ႔ျမင္လိုက္ရၿပီပဲ။
• A kindness is never wasted - သနားၾကင္နာျခင္းဟာ ဘယ္ေတာ့မွ အခ်ည္းအႏွီးမျဖစ္ပါဘူး။

ပံုျပင္ဖတ္ရင္း ဗဟုသုတလည္းရ အဂၤလိပ္စာလည္း တိုးတက္ႏိုင္ၾကပါေစ။
အားလံုးကိုေက်းဇူးတင္ပါတယ္။

____အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
 http://kyaukroevillage.blogspot.com/

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Reading Series: Story Reading

Story One (Elementary Stories for Reproduction)

L.A. Hill ေရးသားၿပီး ေအာက္စဖို႔ကထုတ္ေဝတဲ့ Elementary Stories for Reproduction စာအုပ္ကေန ပထမဆံုးဝတၳဳတိုေလးကို တင္ေပးလိုက္ပါတယ္။ အဂၤလိပ္စာကိုစတင္ေလ့လာသူေတြအတြက္ ေတာ္ေတာ္ေလးကို အဆင္ေျပပါတယ္။ သူငယ္ခ်င္းတို႔လည္း ႀကိဳက္ႏွစ္သက္ၾကလိမ့္မည္ဟု ယံုၾကည္ပါတယ္။


It was two weeks before Christmas, and Mrs Smith was very busy. She bought a lot of Christmas cards to send to her friends and to her husband's friends, and put them on the
table in the living-room. Then, when her husband came home from work, she said to him,

'Here are the Christmas cards for our friends, and here are some stamps, a pen and
our book of addresses. Will you please write the cards while I am cooking the dinner?'

Mr Smith did not say anything, but walked out of the living-room and went to his study. Mrs Smith was very angry with him, but did not say anything either.

Then a minute later he came back with a box full of Christmas cards. All of them had addresses and stamps on them.

'These are from last year,' he said. 'I forgot to post them.'


Vocabulary

• two weeks before Christmas - ခရစၥမတ္မတိုင္မီ ၂ ပတ္က
• very busy - အလြန္အလုပ္ရႈပ္ေသာ
• a lot of Christmas cards - ခရစၥမတ္ကတ္ အမ်ားႀကီး
• bought (buy, buying, bought, bought) - ဝယ္ခဲ့သည္
• put them on the table - ခရစၥမတ္ကတ္ အမ်ားကို စားပြဲခံုေပၚတြင္တင္ထားခဲ့သည္။
• came home from work - အလုပ္မွအိမ္ျပန္လာခဲ့သည္
• stamps - တံဆိပ္ေခါင္းမ်ား
• our book of addresses - ငါတို႔ရဲ့ လိပ္စာစာအုပ္ (လိပ္စာေတြကိုမွတ္ထားသည့္စာအုပ္)
• in the living-room - ဧည့္ခန္းတြင္
• while I am cooking the dinner - ကၽြန္မ ညေနစာခ်က္ေနစဥ္တြင္
• walked out of the living-room - ဧည့္ခန္းကေနထြက္သြားခဲ့တယ္
• was very angry with him - သူ႔ကို (သူ႔ေယာက်္ားကို) အလြန္စိတ္ဆိုးသည္
• did not say anything - ဘာမွမေျပာခဲ့ဘူး
• did not say anything either - (သူမ)လည္းပဲ ဘာမွမေျပာခဲ့
• a minute later - ၁ မိနစ္ေလာက္ၾကာၿပီးေနာက္
• came back with a box full of Christmas cards - ခရစၥမတ္ကတ္အျပည့္ထည့္ထားတဲ့ ေသတၱာတစ္လံုးနဲ႔ ျပန္ေရာက္လာတယ္
• All of them had addresses and stamps on them - တံဆိပ္ေခါင္းေတြေရာ လိပ္စာပါ အကုန္ပါၿပီးသား။ 
• forgot to post them - ပို႔ဖို႔ကိုေမ့သြားခဲ့တယ္။ 

Exercise 

When was Mrs Smith very busy ?

What did she do ?

Why did she buy the cards ?

Where did she put them ?

What did she say to her husband ?

What did Mr Smith say ?

What did he do ?

How did Mrs Smith feel ?

What did she say ?

What did Mr Smith do a minute later ?

What did he say ?

Ref: Elementary Stories for Reproduction (1) by L.A. Hill

အားလံုးကိုေက်းဇူးတင္ပါတယ္။
____အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
 http://kyaukroevillage.blogspot.com/

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Reading Skills : Taylor Swift Releases New Single

Reading အတြက္ ဒီေန႔တင္ေပးမွာကေတာ့ ကမၻာဂီတေလာကတြင္ ထင္ေပၚေၾကာ္ၾကားေနတဲ့ အေမရိကန္ႏိုင္ငံသူ အဆိုေတာ္ ေတလာဆြိ အေၾကာင္းပဲျဖစ္တယ္။ ဒီသတင္းကို VOA Learning English က႑ကေန ၂၂ ရက္ ၈ လပိုင္း ၂၀၁၄ ေန႔ကထုတ္လႊင့္ခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္ပါတယယ္။
  Welcome to American Mosaic from VOA Learning English. I’m Marsha James.

Taylor Swift is one of the most successful musical artists ever.  She writes her own songs, plays guitar and sings.  She has won seven Grammy Awards.  She has sold tens of millions of albums.  The music star also has already earned more than $60 million in 2014 alone.
Swift is skilled in adopting new images and musical styles.  She began in country music.  Over time, she moved to country-pop.  There was a rock and roll sound to some songs on her last album, “Red.”

This week, the 24-year-old star released a new single and video. She also announced a new album.  She said “1989” would be her first all-pop music record.
The single is called “Shake It Off.”

The beat is clean and very danceable.  The message is simple: be yourself.  The song suggests ignoring people who insult you or cheat you and live your life the way you want to.  Swift sings about the “haters” and “players.”

 “Hater” is a popular term among American young people.  It basically means someone who is always disapproving and judgmental.  It is often directed at people who are angry or dismissive about someone else’s success or happiness.

American young people also use the term “player” a lot. A player can be a person who performs in a sport.  You could say, “Michael Jordan was a great basketball player.” But “player” is also used without a connection to sports.  It is used to mean a person, usually a man, who easily gains the love interests of many women at a time. A “player” usually dates more than one person at a time just for sex or just for fun. 

That is Taylor Swift performing “State of Grace,” from her last album, “Red.”  It has rock and roll elements including heavy drums and electric guitar.  But what does the name of the song mean? A state of grace means the condition of being free from sin, or spiritual wrongdoing.  In “State of Grace” Swift sings about a love that is pure and true although the lovers themselves may not be perfect. She sings, so you were never a saint / and I’ve loved in shades of wrong.  But the song says the love can be “good and right” and worth fighting for.

“1989” is to be released toward the end of October. We’ll make sure to play some of the songs, and talk about what they mean, at that time. We leave you now with Taylor Swift performing one of her major hits. This is “Mine” from the 2010 album “Speak Now.”

Vocabulary 

release (release, releasing, released, released) - ျဖန္႔ခ်ီသည္။ ထုတ္ျပန္သည္။ ေထာင္စသည္မွ လြတ္ေျမာက္လာသည္။
single - တစ္ဦးတည္း/ တစ္ခုတည္း
the most successful - အေအာင္ျမင္ဆံုးျဖစ္ေသာ
artist - အႏုပညာရွင္
one of the most successful musical artists ever - အၿမဲတမ္းအေအာင္ျမင္ဆံုး ဂီတအႏုပညာရွင္တို႔ထဲမွတစ္ဦးျဖစ္ေသာ
own - ကိုယ္ပိုင္ျဖစ္ေသာ
plays guitar (play, playing, played, played) - ဂီတာတီးသည္
sing (sing, singing, sang, sung) - သီခ်င္းဆိုသည္
won (win, winning, won, won) - ႏိုင္သည္။ ဆုရသည္။
Grammy Award -  ဂရိမ္းမီဆု (အေမရိကႏိုင္ငံတြင္ ေပးသည့္ ဂီတထူးခၽြန္ဆုႀကီး)
sold (sell, selling, sold, sold) - ေရာင္းခ်သည္
tens of millions of albums - အယ္လ္ဘမ္ေပါင္း (၁၀) သန္း
earned (earn, earning, earned, earned) - ဝင္ေငြရရွိသည္
more than $60 million - အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာ သန္း (၆၀) ေက်ာ္
in 2014 alone - ၂၀၁၄ ခုႏွစ္ တစ္ႏွစ္တည္းတြင္
be skilled in + V-ing - တြင္ ကၽြမ္းက်င္သည္
adopt (adopt, adopting, adopted, adopted) - ေမြးစားသည္။ ေရြးခ်ယ္သည္။
on her last album, "Red"  - Red ဟုအမည္ရတဲ့ သူမရဲ့ေနာက္ဆံုးအယ္လ္ဘမ္တြင္
She began in country music - သူမဟာ Counry Music ကိုစတင္သီဆိုခဲ့တယ္။
over time - ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာေတာ့
She moved to country-pop - country-pop ကိုေျပာင္းလာခဲ့တယ္။
the 24-year-old star - အသက္ ၂၄ ႏွစ္ရွိၿပီျဖစ္တဲ့ (ဂီတ)ၾကယ္ပြင့္
announced (announce, announcing, announced, announced) - ေၾကာ္ျငာခ်က္ထုတ္ျပန္သည္။ အသိေပးသည္
new album - ေတးစီးရီးအသစ္ (အယ္လ္ဘမ္အသစ္)
record - အသံသြင္းသည္။ မွတ္တမ္းတင္သည္
beat - ရိုက္သည္။ စည္းဝါးစည္းခ်က္
clean - သန္႔ရွင္းေသာ၊ ရိုးရွင္းေသာ
very danceable - က,ခုန္ျမဴးထူးဖြယ္ရာေကာင္းေသာ
ignore (ignore, ignoring, ignored, ignored) - မသိက်ဳိးကၽြံျပဳသည္။ လ်စ္လ်ဴျပဳသည္။ ဥေပကၡာျပဳသည္
insult - အျပစ္ေျပာသည္။ ေစာ္ကားသည္။
cheat - လိမ္လည္လွည့္ဖ်ားသည္
hater - လူတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ့ ေအာင္ျမင္မႈ၊ ေပ်ာ္ရႊင္မႈစသည္တို႔ကို အထင္အျမင္အေသးသူ။ တစ္စံုတစ္ခုကို လက္မခံပဲ ျငင္းပယ္ေလ့ရွိသူ။ အထင္အျမင္ေသးတတ္သူ
disapprove (disapprove, disapproving, disapproved, disapproved) - လက္မခံပဲျငင္းပယ္သည္။
judgmental - ေဝဖန္တတ္ေသာ
dismissive - အထင္အျမင္ေသးသည္
perform - ပါဝင္သည္။ က,ျပေဖ်ာ္ေျဖသည္
in a sport - အားကစားတစ္ခုခုတြင္
basketball player - ဘတ္စကတ္ေဘာ ကစားသမား
without a connection to sports - အားကစားတို႔ႏွင့္မသက္ဆိုင္ပဲ
at a time - တစ္ႀကိမ္လွ်င္၊ တစ္ခ်ိန္လွ်င္
just for fun - အေပ်ာ္သက္သက္
just for sex - ကာမအတြက္သက္သက္
date - ခ်ိန္းေတြ႔သည္
grace - က်က္သေရရွိျခင္း
heavy drums - ဒရမ္အသံမ်ားမ်ားျဖင့္
electric guitar - လွ်ပ္စစ္ဂီတာ
including  - အပါအဝင္
condition - အေျခအေန
being free from sin - အျပစ္မွကင္းလြတ္ျခင္း
wrongdoing - အမွားလုပ္ျခင္း
pure - စင္ၾကယ္ေသာ၊ စစ္မွန္ေသာ
perfect - ၿပီးျပည့္စံုေသာ
saint - သူေတာ္ေကာင္း၊ သူေတာ္စင္
shades - အရိပ္မ်ား
worth - တန္ဖိုး
the end of October - ေအာက္တိုဘာ လကုန္တြင္
make sure - ေသခ်ာသည္
at that time - အဲဒီအခါမွာ
one of major hits - အေက်ာ္ၾကားဆံုးထဲမွ သီခ်င္းတစ္ပုဒ္

___အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
၁၇ - ၀၈ - ၂၀၁၅

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The Plane Tree

by Aesop

Two Travellers, walking in the noonday sun, sought the shade of a widespreading tree to rest. As they lay looking up among the pleasant leaves, they saw that it was a Plane Tree.

"How useless is the Plane!" said one of them. "It bears no fruit whatever, and only serves to litter the ground with leaves."

"Ungrateful creatures!" said a voice from the Plane Tree. "You lie here in my cooling shade, and yet you say I am useless! Thus ungratefully, O Jupiter, do men receive their blessings!"

Our best blessings are often the least appreciated.


Vocabulary

Two Travellers - ခရီးသြားႏွစ္ေယာက္
in the noonday sun - ေနပူက်ဲက်ဲထဲတြင္
walking (walk, walking, walked, walked) - လမ္းေလ်ာက္သည္
sought (seek, seeking, sought, sought) - ရွာေဖြခဲ့သည္
the shade of a widespreading tree to rest - အနားယူဖို႔ သစ္ပင္အရိပ္အေကာင္းတစ္ခု
shade - အရိပ္
a widespreading tree - အကိုင္းအခက္မ်ားျဖန္႔က်က္ေနတဲ့သစ္ပင္တစ္ပင္
lay (lie, lying, lay, lain) - လဲေလ်ာင္းသည္
looking up (look up, looking, looked up, looked up) - အေပၚကိုေမာ့ၾကည့္ေနေသာ
among the pleasant leaves - ႏွစ္သက္ၾကည္ႏူးဖြယ္ရာေကာင္းတဲ့သစ္ရြက္ေတြၾကား (တြင္)
useless - အသံုးမက်ေသာ။ အသံုးမဝင္ေသာ
Plane Tree - အကိုင္းအခတ္ျဖာထြက္၍ ပင္စည္အေပြးကြာတတ္ေသာ အပင္တစ္မ်ဳိး
How useless is the Plane! ဘာမွအသံုးမက်တဲ့သစ္ပင္ပါလားေနာ္။
bear (bear, bearing, bore, born) - အသီးသီးသည္။ ေမြးဖြားသည္။ ေသးခံသည္
whatever - ဘယ္လိုပဲျဖစ္ျဖစ္
only - သာလွ်င္။ မွ်သာ
serves (serve, serving, served, served,) - တာဝန္ထမ္းေဆာင္သည္။ လုပ္ေဆာင္သည္။
only serves to litter the ground with leaves - သစ္ရြက္ေတြတစ္ပံုတစ္ပင္ႏွင့္ ကမၻာေျမကို ဝန္ထုပ္ဝန္ပိုးျဖစ္ေစရံုသက္သက္ပဲ
Ungrateful creatures! - ေက်းဇူးကန္းလိုက္တဲ့လူေတြပါလား။
grateful - ေက်းဇူးတရားကိုသိတတ္ေသာ
ungrateful - ေက်းဇူးတရားကိုမသိတတ္ေသာ
creature/ es - ေျခေလးေခ်ာင္းသတၱဝါ။ သက္ရွိသတၱဝါ
a voice from the Plane Tree - သစ္ပင္မွအသံတစ္ခု
lie - လဲေလ်ာင္းသည္
in my cooling shade - ငါ့ရဲ့ေအးျမတဲ့အရိပ္ေအာက္တြင္
yet - သို႔ရာတြင္။ ဒါေပမယ့္
say (say, saying, said, said) - ေျပာသည္။ ေျပာဆိုသည္
thus - ဒါနဲ႔။ ထိုေၾကာင့္
blessings - ဆုလာဘ္မ်ား
receive - လက္ခံရရွိသည္
Jupiter - ဂ်ဴပီတာ (ၾကာပသေတးၿဂဳိဟ္)
best (goog, better, best) - အေကာင္းဆံုးျဖစ္ေသာ
least - အနည္းဆံုး
often - မၾကာခဏ
appreciated (appreciate, appreciating, appreciated, appreciated) - ႏွစ္သက္သည္။ သေဘာက်သည္။

_____ အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
၁၆ - ၀၈ - ၂၀၁၅

Ref: http://americanliterature.com/

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The Key to Happiness

Read this text. Then choose which statements you can infer.

The key to happiness may be great relationships with family and friends, or it might be a full and busy life. It could be having a job that you really enjoy. But whatever the key is for you, you must try to make it happen! If you're not happy, you should ask yourself why and try to change things. Think about your abilities and interests. What are you doing at? What do you like doing? What kind of life do you want to have? You don't have to change everything immediately, but never think that what you want is impossible. What you decide to change, you shouldn't worry about what other people may think. Just do it!

1. It's always good to be busy.
2. Different things make different people happy.
3. It's important to change your situation if you are unhappy.
4. Married people are happier than single people.
5. It's important to listen to the advice of other people.

Modal Verbs

Possibility (ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ေျခကိုေဖာ္ျခင္း) -- may, might, could  - ႏိုင္သည္။
The key to happiness may/ might/ could be great relationship.

Impossibility (ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ေျခမရွိေၾကာင္းေဖာ္ျပျခင္း) -- can't - မ..... ႏိုင္။
Some people say you can't be happy without money.

Strong Obligation (ေလးေလးနက္နက္ျပင္းျပင္းထန္ထန္အႀကံျပဳခ်က္ကိုေဖာ္ျပျခင္း) -- must - ရမယ္။ 
Whatever the key is for you, you must try to make it happen.

Weak Obligation (သာမန္အႀကံျပဳခ်က္ကိုေဖာ္ျပျခင္း) - should - သင့္သည္။
If you're not happy, you should ask yourself why.

No Obligation (မလိုအပ္ေၾကာင္းကိုေဖာ္ျပျခင္း) - don't have to - မလိုအပ္ဘူး။
You don't have to change everything immediately.


Study the modal verbs above, and then choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. Believe it or not, you _____ be rich to be happy.
(a)  must not   (b)  shouldn't (c)  don't have to  (d) might not

2. Continuing to do a job you dislike _______make you unhappy.
(a) should (b) could (c) shall (d) ought to

3. Expert agree that you _____ except to be completely happy all the time.
(a) shall not (b) may not (c) should not to (d) shouldn't

4.  Happiness _______ be connected to religious beliefs, too.
(a) would (b) had better (c) shall (d) might

5.  Some people think that you _______ measure happiness.
(a) wouldn't (b) can't (c) must not (d) may not

6.  It _____ sound strange, but the best way to find out is simply to ask yourself "How happy am I?"
(a) can't (b) would (c) might (d) should

7. Research shows that you _____ be healthy to be happy, but it helps.
(a) shouldn't (b) can't (c) don't have to (d) must not

8.  To say happy in difficult situations, you ______ keep thinking positively.
(a) must (b) must not (c) can't (d) might not



မွတ္ခ်က္။  ။ ဆရာ့တီကရတဲ့ Hand out ကေနကူးယူေဖာ္ျပပါသည္။

____အေကာင္ေခ် (ေက်ာက္ရိုး)
၀၃-၀၈-၂၀၁၅

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Reading Comprehension - Martin Luther King, Jr.

Develop your reading skills. Read the following text about Martin Luther king, Jr. Then answer the comprehension questions.

Martin Luther King, Jr. was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement whose methods were similar to Mahathma Ghandhi's. He used nonviolent methods to fight for the advancement of civil rights in the USA.

Martin Luther King, Jr was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. He was an excellent student and entered Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, when he was only 15 years old. He has become a national icon in the history of modern American liberalism.

A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. As a result of Rosa Parks refusal to leave her seat for a white passenger, King led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott. He also helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. There, he expanded American values to include the vision of a color blind society, and established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American history.

In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other nonviolent means. By the time of his death in 1968, he had refocused his efforts on ending poverty and stopping the Vietnam War. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. He was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 and Congressional Gold Medal in 2004; Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U.S. federal holiday in 1986.

Source: Wikipedia

Comprehension

Unlike Mahatma Ghandhi, King used violent methods in his Civil Rights Movement.
a.   True
b.   False
The bus boycott was the starting point of King's activism.
a.   True
b.   False
"I have a dream" was a speech given in Washington by Martin Luther King, Jr.
a.   True
b.   False
He was assassinated at the age of sixty eight.
a.   True
b.   False

http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/reading.php

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