Common Short Forms

Common Short Forms

Aren’t	= are not/ am not	Can’t	= can not	Couldn’t	= could not
Daren’t	= dare not	Didn’t	= did not	Doesn’t	= does not
Don’t	= do not	Hadn’t	= had not	Hasn’t	= has not
Haven’t	= have not	He’d	= he had/ would	He’ll	= he will
He’s	= he is/ has	Here’s	= here is	How’s	= how is/ has
I’d	= I had/ would	I’ll	= I will/ shall	I’m	= I am
I’ve	= I have	Isn’t	= is not	It’ll	= it will
It’s	= it is/ has	Let’s	= let us	Mightn’t	= might not
Musn’t	= must not	Needn’t	= need not	Oughtn’t	= ought not
Shan’t	= shall not	She’d	= she had/ would	She’ll	= she will
She’s	= she is/ has	Shouldn’t	= should not	That’s	= that is/ has
There’d	= there had/ would	There’ll	= there will	There’s	= there is/ has
They’d	= they had/ would	They’ll	= they will	They’re	= they are
They’ve	= they have	Wasn’t	= was not	We’d	= we had/ would
We’ll	= we will/ shall	We’re	= we are/ were	We’ve	= we have
Weren’t	= were not	What’ll	= what will	What’s	= what is/ has
When’s	= when is / has	Where’s	= where is/ has	Who’d	= who would/ had
Who’ll	= who will	Who’s	= who is/ has	Won’t	= will not
Wouldn’t	= would not	You’d	You had/ would	You’ll	You will
You’re	= you are/ were	You’ve	= you have